Myelodysplastic syndromes are disorders of the bone marrow that result in the production of defective or abnormal blood cells. Some people have no known cause, while others develop the disorder due to exposure to heavy metals, radiation, or chemotherapy treatments. The World Health Organization has defined several subtypes based on blood cell types. There are two types of myelodysplastic syndromes: primary and secondary.
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Treatments for myelodysplastic syndromes vary according to the type of cells affected and the symptoms a patient is experiencing. Treatments include blood transfusions, growth factors, or bone marrow stem cell transplantation. If a patient is still young, chemotherapy is an option. Treatments can also include a combination of treatments. Patients with milder forms of the disease may receive chemotherapy, or they may receive bone marrow stem cell transplants.
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Myelodysplastic syndromes is a group of disorders characterized by a drop in the number of normal blood cells. The disease starts in the bone marrow and causes a decline in the production of red blood cells. The blood cells that do develop in the bone marrow are unable to mature properly. Patients with this condition may experience shortness of breath, fatigue, a persistent fever, or other symptoms.
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People with MDS are at increased risk of developing acute myeloid leukemia, which is incurable without stem cell transplants. In addition to a lowered white blood cell count, the disease is associated with heavy metals and radiation therapy. People with low platelet counts may experience excessive bleeding. The disorder can lead to recurrent infections and even death. The only cure for myelodysplastic syndromes is a stem cell transplant.
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Another type of myelodysplastic syndrome is refractory anemia with ring sideroblasts (RAEB). About five to 10 percent of people with MDS develop refractory anemia, which is caused by too many immature blood cells. This disease can progress to acute myeloid leukemia and causes anemia, infections, and other illnesses. So, what are Myelodysplastic Syndromes Symptoms?
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MDS symptoms usually appear in the early stages. Patients who are diagnosed with the disease may have low red blood cell counts and low platelet counts. Those with MDS-U do not usually develop leukemia. Their prognosis is generally favorable. This type of myelodysplastic syndrome is the least common of the three types. If you suspect that you or someone you know has the disorder, it is essential to seek medical attention.
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One of the most common MDS symptoms is fatigue. Low red blood cells mean that the patient is anemic. A lack of red blood cells leads to tiredness, fatigue, and increased need for sleep. People with anemia have pale skin and may suffer from palpitations. Low platelet counts also increase the risk of bacterial and fungal infections. Low neutrophil counts can also lead to an increased risk of infections and bleeding.
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MDS symptoms are similar to those of leukemia, but there are some key differences. AML is a form of AML, and MDS affects multiple blood cells. Earlier, MDS was considered a condition with low malignant potential, and some patients developed it after the diagnosis. In addition to the symptoms of MDS, the prognosis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is poor. If it develops into AML, patients must seek urgent medical care.
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In addition to symptoms, MDS can result from cancer treatments. Therapy-related MDS is more likely to progress to acute myeloid leukemia than other forms of MDS. Blood and bone marrow tests are used to diagnose MDS. Blood tests are available at most doctors' offices, and a peripheral blood smear is performed by your doctor. Bone marrow tests show the presence of abnormal cells in the bone marrow.
