Although you may not experience any symptoms of Prostate Cancer early on, signs of the disease begin to appear as the tumour grows and spreads throughout the body. For example, changes in your urination and bladder habits are common symptoms. These symptoms, however, can also be the result of other health conditions. These symptoms are known as paraneoplastic syndrome. They are caused by substances produced by the cancer cells that can affect nearby organs. If the tumour blocks the ureters, for example, kidney failure can result.
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Treatment for prostate cancer may either be curative or palliative, depending on the extent of the cancer and the patient's overall health. The doctor will discuss which treatment options are best for you and the risks associated with each one. Some patients may be treated with watchful waiting, or active surveillance, where the doctor will monitor their condition for changes. If the cancer continues to grow, treatment will begin. The most common treatment is surgery, which involves removal of the entire prostate, as well as some nearby tissues.
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A hereditary genetic mutation is also a risk factor for prostate cancer. This genetic mutation is passed on from one parent to another, and has been linked to the disease. Certain genetic mutations, such as BRCA, have been found to be associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer. If you have a family history of the disease, discuss with your doctor whether screening is necessary. Ultimately, screening for the disease is an important part of treatment for prostate cancer, so it is important to be aware of your symptoms.
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Surgical treatment may also result in erectile dysfunction. Surgery can treat this condition, but the treatment requires a general anesthesia and an overnight stay in a hospital. A catheter will remain in your penis for about a week after surgery until the connection between the bladder and urethra heals. However, doctors do not routinely prescribe hormone therapy before or after surgery. Radiation therapy may be needed if the cancer has spread beyond the original tumor.
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If your doctor suspects you may have prostate cancer, screening will be necessary to determine the appropriate treatment. Some of the early symptoms of the disease include pain in the groin or lower back, blood in urine, or an enlarged prostate gland. A digital rectal examination (DRE) may detect prostate cancer even before symptoms appear. However, if there are no symptoms, a blood test for PSA may be recommended. If the PSA level is elevated, a physician may recommend treatment with the intention of minimizing the symptoms of the disease.
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If the prostate tumor is located near the prostate, doctors will most likely recommend a radical prostatectomy. This procedure may also remove seminal vesicles and nearby lymph nodes. If the cancer has spread outside of the prostate gland, external radiation therapy (ERRT) may be recommended. This procedure may result in side effects such as bowel and erectile dysfunction. If the cancer has spread to the surrounding organs, other treatments may be needed, including chemotherapy or androgen deprivation hormone therapy.
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If these symptoms persist, it is essential to see a doctor. Early detection is key to extending the life expectancy of men with prostate cancer. PSA levels are high in early stages of prostate cancer, when the disease has not spread yet. If the PSA levels are abnormal, the doctor will order additional tests to rule out the presence of cancer. It is also recommended to get regular check-ups to prevent prostate cancer. And, if you suspect that your PSA level is high, you should seek treatment as soon as possible.
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Treatment for prostate cancer includes hormone therapy and radiation. Combined with radiation therapy, hormone therapy is a standard treatment for men with advanced disease. While not curative, hormone therapy can prolong life and reduce the symptoms of the disease. However, it is important to note that hormone therapy does not cure prostate cancer. The goal of hormone therapy is to improve the quality of life of patients with metastatic disease. However, it can only improve the quality of life.
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A biopsy of the prostate is another way to diagnose the disease. Doctors insert a needle through the rectum or between the rectum and scrotal junction. Then, they remove a sample of prostatic tissue to analyze the disease. A biopsy can help determine how aggressive the cancer cells are. Once the biopsy has been done, the pathologist will determine the Gleason score. Generally, men who have a low Gleason score have a slow-growing disease.
