Squamous neck cancer is a type of squamous cell carcinoma that has spread from another organ. If it is metastatic (having spread beyond the original site), it is treated the same as the primary tumor. Although there are many differences between metastatic and primary squamous neck cancer, most of these types of cancer are treated in the same way. In addition to being treated the same way as the original tumor, metastatic squamous cell cancer may also be occult (having been found in other locations).
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In determining the stage of the disease, the care team will take the patient's history and conduct a physical examination. The doctor may use a fiberoptic laryngoscopy to visualize the mucosal tissue in the neck and determine whether there is a tumor present. Surgical approaches are often the most effective treatments for this type of cancer. Some patients may benefit from precancerous growths identified in the neck.
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In Metastatic Squamous Neck Cancer, genetic abnormalities affect biochemical pathways that drive the growth of cancer cells. Nutrition and lifestyle conditions may affect the treatment response. Some foods and supplements may negatively impact cancer progression or support specific treatments. Nutrition and lifestyle are also key considerations in determining the right diet plan. The right diet for Metastatic Squamous Neck Cancer with Occult Primary can support specific treatments that are available for this type of cancer.
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Radiation therapy can be a helpful treatment for metastatic squamous neck cancer. Treatment options for metastatic squamous neck cancer include external radiation therapy. However, radiation therapy to the neck can affect the thyroid gland, which may affect thyroid hormone levels in the body. A doctor may want to perform blood tests to assess the effect of radiation on the thyroid gland. It is important to consider any side effects of radiation treatment prior to undergoing treatment with a radiation therapy for metastatic squamous neck cancer.
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In addition to immunosuppressive treatment, the immune system may also play an important role in head and neck cancer. Human papilloma virus infection is one risk factor for the development of head and neck cancer. A comprehensive review of the literature on this topic was published in Oral Oncol. In addition to tumors, a study of the HPV-16 E6 complex showed that a cellular component called UBL1 binds to a cellular gene, p53. Among other factors, alcohol-related carcinogenesis may play a role.
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The type of squamous cell cancer that affects the head and neck is determined by a biopsy. Tumors of this type are classified into two main categories: high-risk and low-risk. High-risk squamous cell cancers affect the central face, nose, cheeks, scalp, neck, and adjacent structures. They can invade nerves, are recurrent, and occur in immunosuppressed patients.
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Head and neck cancers typically originate from the squamous cells that line the mucous surfaces of the nose, mouth, and throat. These cancers are often associated with tobacco and alcohol use, and are more likely to affect men than women. Some occupational risks may also cause this type of cancer. Aside from smoking, exposure to HPV can also contribute to the development of squamous neck cancer. Fortunately, there are some easy preventative measures that can significantly reduce the risk of this type of cancer.
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Surgery is an option if the tumor is large or has spread deeply. Radiation therapy is sometimes recommended following regional lymph node removal. A biopsy will help determine if the cancer cells have spread to other areas under the skin. If the lymph nodes are positive, radiation therapy can be used after the removal of the cancer. But this procedure is more complex than a standard resection. In high-risk squamous cell cancer, patients may need a combination of chemotherapy and radiation therapy.