A physical examination is necessary to determine if your child has retinoblastoma. Your doctor will ask about any health issues or family history of this condition. An eye exam may involve a dilated pupil to examine the retina and optic nerve. Young children may require an anesthetic during this exam. If a diagnosis is made, your child may be sent for further testing.
Other symptoms of retinoblastoma include a white, opaque spot in the pupil. This is a sign of advanced cancer, and it may be hard to spot in an infant. The tumor reflects light and may appear as a white patch on photographs taken under flash. Regardless of the size, if you notice any of these symptoms, see your doctor immediately. Retinoblastoma is extremely rare and is characterized by a wide range of symptoms.
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Retinoblastoma is caused by mutations of the RB1 gene. Patients with hereditary retinoblastoma typically develop multiple tumors in both eyes. However, non-heritable cases usually result in a single tumor in one eye. Retinoblastoma is most common in children, who are more likely to develop the disorder than adults.
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A full physical examination is needed to diagnose retinoblastoma in children. In addition to performing a physical exam, your child will likely undergo additional tests to determine if the cancer has spread to other areas of the body. These tests may take place when your child starts treatment. But if you notice any of these symptoms, make sure to contact your pediatrician right away. The sooner you find out, the better the treatment will be for your child.
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If you suspect that your child has retinoblastoma, you should visit a pediatric ophthalmologist to have a full diagnosis. Early diagnosis is important because the disease can spread and cause vision loss. Treatment for retinoblastoma depends on its stage and whether it has spread to other areas of the body. If it has spread to other areas, your child may be diagnosed with a stage of the disease called refractory retinoblastoma.
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Surgery is an option for removing the eyeball and the cancer-bearing portion of the optic nerve. The cancerous mass may be large enough to affect vision, and surgery may be the only option. Your doctor will remove the eyeball and part of the optic nerve and replace it with a glass eye. In some cases, the tumor can spread to both eyes, resulting in complete blindness.
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Chemotherapy is another treatment option for retinoblastoma. Chemotherapy may include intravitreal injection of anticancer drugs into the vitreous humor or cerebrospinal fluid. Sometimes, a pediatric oncologist will use an intra-arterial chemotherapy machine. This method is usually less invasive and carries fewer side effects. Treatment should begin at least a week before your child develops symptoms of retinoblastoma.
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Those diagnosed with retinoblastoma should have their eyes checked as soon as possible. During the first year of life, children are advised to undergo an eye examination. Every three to four weeks until they turn one, and once they reach five, more frequently. Young children may need anesthesia to undergo this procedure. Your child should be monitored closely for any changes in their eyes. The best way to find out if your child has this disease is to seek medical attention immediately.
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Retinoblastoma is a type of childhood cancer that begins in the retina. The retina is the light-sensitive tissue in the back of the eye. It is often genetic and runs in families. It affects both boys and girls equally and is usually diagnosed between two and three years of age. Symptoms of retinoblastoma include appetite loss, vomiting, and headache. If the cancer affects both eyes, the child is at risk for osteosarcoma.
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Retinoblastoma is a rare disorder that affects the retina. Retina is a thin layer of nerve cells that convert light into nerve signals and relay them to the brain through the optic nerve. Children younger than three years old are the most likely to develop retinal tumors. The eye will become white, as a result of light reflecting off the tumor, a condition known as cat's eye reflex. Children may also experience crossed eyes.
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Treatments for retinoblastoma vary. Depending on the size of the tumor, its location, and its spread, your doctor may recommend a number of different therapies. These include local chemotherapy, systemic chemotherapy, cryotherapy, laser photoablation, and radiotherapy. Surgical removal of the affected eye may be necessary, especially if the tumor is large. If the tumor has spread beyond the eye, it may require removal of the entire eye or part of the optic nerve. An artificial eyeball or lens can be placed in its place, similar to a contact lens.
