Retinoblastoma is a type of cancer that affects the retina. The International Classification of Retinoblastoma is divided into 5 groups, and this type of cancer is the most common cause of vision loss in children. If your child has any of the symptoms described here, you should consult your doctor right away. In the meantime, you can get the latest information about this cancer by reading on.
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Retinoblastoma is the most common type of intraocular tumor in children, and ninety percent of cases are diagnosed before the child is three years old. It can be unilateral or bilateral and the most common presenting symptom is white floaters on the retina, also known as leukocoria. It is also associated with a gene mutation called RB1 that increases the risk of developing secondary non-ocular tumors. Those affected by RB1 mutations have a high survival rate, and in resource-rich countries, 10-year survival rates are high. However, patients in resource-poor countries typically present with extraocular extension or metastatic disease.
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Retinoblastoma is a hereditary form of eye cancer that arises when a person has a mutation in one or more genes that control eye development. Hereditary cases often occur in children and pass this mutation to their children. If one parent has the mutation, there is a 50% chance that the child will have it as well, and most offspring will have tumors in one or both eyes. Retinoblastoma occurs in one or both eyes and is hereditary in 25 percent of cases.
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Retinoblastoma symptom can include white pupil, cat-eye reflex, and other visual signs. White pupil reflex is a common symptom, although not a definitive sign, and a specialist should be consulted to determine the cause of the cat-eye reflex. Another common symptom of retinoblastoma is crossed eye. The pupil is often white, and it may turn toward the nose or ear.
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Retinoblastoma can be detected with a physical examination and imaging tests. Physical examinations are conducted with magnifying lenses under anesthesia. In some cases, physicians may also recommend imaging tests such as MRIs and CAT scans. A spinal tap may also be performed. If you suspect retinal tumor, contact your doctor as soon as possible. He or she will recommend a course of treatment if it is found to be present.
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Retinoblastoma cancer can spread to other parts of the eye or even to the central nervous system. If it has spread beyond the eye, it can block the fluid flow inside the eye, causing increased pressure and vision loss. Early detection is the best defense against retinoblastoma. Treatment will depend on the location and size of the tumor and the cancer stage. If the cancer has spread to the eye and other parts of the body, treatment can be more difficult or even impossible.
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The disease is rare. However, it is curable with treatment. Nearly 9 percent of children with this type of cancer are cured with treatment. If detected in time, retinoblastoma can also affect the other eye. However, if the disease is detected in a child who is less than five years of age, it could have spread to other parts of the body. If your child has any of the symptoms described above, you should consult with your doctor right away.
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Chemotherapy is used to kill the cancer cells left behind by the treatment. These medicines are usually systemically administered through injections or an intravenous catheter placed in the arm or foot. Sometimes, chemotherapy medicines are given through a central venous catheter placed beneath the skin in the chest. Chemotherapy can have side effects, including swelling of the eyelid and bleeding into the eye. It is important to understand the side effects associated with chemotherapy. It is important to understand how the chemotherapy affects your child's unique condition.
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While most children with this condition have a good prognosis, there are some symptoms you should be aware of. Retinoblastoma can be curable, depending on the tumor size and whether or not the cancer has spread outside of the eye. Treatment options include chemotherapy, laser therapy, radiation, and surgery, which depend on the severity of the condition and your child's age and overall health. Most children with this type of cancer will have no other symptoms except vision loss.
