If you suspect your child may have a rare cancer, you should know what to look for. Pediatric oncologists are specially trained to diagnose and treat childhood cancers. A multidisciplinary team of doctors, including your primary care physician, pediatric surgeons, medical oncologists, radiation oncologists, and rehabilitation specialists, will work together to treat the child's disease and give the child the best possible chance of survival and quality of life.
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Because children with rare cancers rarely develop common cancers, there is little data available about how to treat them. Because these tumors have no known cause, doctors generally use what they have learned from experience with other children. However, the PDQ cancer information summary contains current information about treatments for rare childhood cancers. However, the information is not intended to offer formal treatment guidelines. The PDQ cancer information summary is meant to help parents and children make informed decisions.
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In addition to childhood cancers, some adult-type cancers can also strike children. Thyroid cancer is rare, while adrenal and digestive cancers are more common in adults. Leukemias occur in the bone marrow and account for about a quarter of all childhood cancers. Acute lymphocytic leukemia, for example, causes bone and joint pain, fatigue, pale skin, and fever. Acute leukemia is typically treated with chemotherapy and is highly treatable if caught early.
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Children can develop any of the rare cancers of childhood. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, or non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, account for about 5% of all childhood cancers. They grow and spread like all other children's cancers. Some of these cancers are primary, while others are secondary. Some rare cancers in children are liver cancer, and kidney cancer is rare among infants.
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Another rare childhood cancer is neuroblastoma, which starts in the immature nerve cells of the fetus or embryo. It develops in children under five and usually starts in the adrenal gland. It may also develop in the nerve tissue along the spine. These abnormal cells can disrupt normal body functions, causing paralysis in the face and body, fever, and changes in bowel and bladder habits. Rare Cancers of Childhood symptoms for infants and children may include any of the following:
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A child's risk of developing cancer depends on the number of chromosomes he or she has in their body. This increase is caused by mutations in DNA in the child's body. Certain environmental factors are known to trigger DNA mutations, including radiation. Children who have received radiation for an earlier cancer are at an increased risk of developing osteosarcoma. The risk of developing this cancer is even greater for children who have an inherited syndrome, Li-Fraumeni syndrome, or Down syndrome.
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Some symptoms may be similar to those of other illnesses, including asthma. Some children may develop bronchial tumors, which start in cells in the lining of the lungs. Although most childhood cancers are benign, they can eventually become cancers and spread to other areas of the body. In some cases, the tumors can cause asthma. Often, the child may have a variety of symptoms, including shortness of breath and cough.
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Parents who learn that their child has cancer must face the difficult news of a diagnosis must consider the emotional impact of the illness on the child and their family. It's important to talk to family and friends as soon as possible and accept help from medical professionals. A children's cancer specialist team will explain various treatments options and provide emotional support for the child and their parents. The next section will explain the diagnostic tests and the possible treatments.
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Children with esthesioneuroblastoma most commonly have a tumor in the throat or nose. However, it can also spread to the bones around the eyes or the front part of the brain. It's more common in boys than in girls and typically occurs during the teen years. Symptoms may be hard to recognize because they are caused by other conditions. However, the treatment of this cancer will determine the extent of the disease and the severity of the symptoms.
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Other symptoms associated with rare cancers of childhood include a sudden increase in weight, weakness, and weight loss. Children with this type of tumor are more likely to experience accelerated bone growth. This may be due to their fast growth rate. However, early diagnosis is critical, because proper diagnosis may lead to complete recovery. So, how do you know if your child is suffering from any of these rare cancers? Consult a pediatric oncologist.
