Peritoneal cancer is a relatively rare ailment that develops in the abdomen. The peritoneum is a cellophane-like tissue covering the abdominal organs, preventing them from sticking to each other. These lining cells originate from the same type of cells that make up the ovaries. Unfortunately, these cells can transform into cancerous cells. Primary peritoneal cancer can develop anywhere in the abdominal cavity, and it can affect any organ on the surface, from the fallopian tubes to the ovaries.
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Treatment for primary peritoneal cancer varies. Most people will receive a combination of chemotherapy and surgery. Some women may also receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy, which shrinks tumors before surgery. Wilson underwent surgery to remove surface tumors and chemotherapy afterwards. Because the cancer is so rare, the treatments for primary peritoneal cancer are usually more aggressive. Patients may experience recurrence of the disease, but chemotherapy is an option for those who have the disease in its early stages.
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Screening for peritoneal cancer involves sticking a finger into the vagina and pressing it against the abdomen. Blood tests for cancer markers such as CA125 are sometimes conducted as a follow-up test. An elevated CA125 level could be a sign that the cancer has returned. In addition, many people choose to wait until they experience the symptoms of peritoneal cancer before undergoing treatment. This approach may delay the effects of the treatment and delay its onset.
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In rare cases, the disease can spread to other organs of the pelvic cavity, such as the sigmoid colon and fallopian tubes. In such cases, chemotherapy may be more effective if the tumor is smaller and central. Primary peritoneal cancer is often accompanied by a malignant pleural effusion. Once a tumor spreads to the sigmoid colon, it can also spread to the rectum.
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The peritoneum is a thin layer of tissue lining the abdomen. Primary peritoneal cancer starts in the peritoneum, which is the membrane covering the organs in the abdomen. This cancer can spread to the uterus, fallopian tubes, or reproductive organs. Primary peritoneal cancer is rare in its early stages and is not usually recognized until the cancer has spread. Treatment for primary peritoneal cancer can include surgery or chemotherapy depending on its stage.
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Because the tumor is in the lining of the peritoneum, a laparotomy is sometimes necessary. The surgical procedure involves making a larger cut in the abdomen so the surgeon can view the entire abdominal organs. A doctor's final diagnosis will include a diagnosis of primary peritoneal cancer and a course of treatment. Primary peritoneal cancer and ovarian cancer are closely related, and both are staged in the same staging system.
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In early stages of the disease, it can be difficult to diagnose and treatment is based on the symptoms of other ailment. In most cases, the disease is discovered when a surgeon is removing a tumor that has already been detected. A doctor will perform a physical exam, ask about the symptoms, and order various tests, including imaging tests of the abdomen. Ultrasound imaging can be helpful in detecting cancerous tissue in peritoneum.
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Genetic mutations in certain genes increase the risk of peritoneal cancer. Some inherited mutations are found in ovarian cancer, Lynch syndrome, and Li-Fraumeni syndrome. While the onset of peritoneal cancer differs from ovarian cancer, there are many similarities between the two types of ailment. While they are not identical, the genes BRCA1 and BRCA2 are highly associated with the development of ovarian cancer.
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While a diagnosis of PPC may be difficult to distinguish, it is still an important factor to know. It is estimated that around ten percent of women develop cancer. A majority of PPCs are caused by a variety of factors, but a small number of PPCs have been linked to inherited faulty genes, which make women more susceptible to breast and ovarian cancer. However, it is difficult to diagnose primary peritoneal cancer because the symptoms are similar to those associated with other medical conditions.