Patients should be aware of the symptoms of Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma (PCNS) when receiving treatment. Treatment for this type of cancer is highly effective only if the tumor has not spread beyond the cerebrum (the largest part of the brain). To qualify for CNS lymphoma treatment, patients must be younger than 60 years old and have a reasonable chance of preserving their normal daily activities. They also must not have AIDS or any other disease that weakens the immune system.
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Although the exact cause of primary CNS lymphoma is not known, certain factors are associated with a higher risk. People with a compromised immune system are at increased risk, as are people who have undergone organ transplantation or suffered from an autoimmune disease. However, the incidence of primary CNS lymphoma is rising in healthy people. If you suspect any of these symptoms, be sure to seek medical attention as soon as possible.
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A physical examination includes a complete history of your medical history and a neurological exam to look for signs of CNS lymphoma. A doctor may also ask you to repeat a list of objects, interpret common sayings, or measure your reflexes and strength. Imaging tests are also commonly used to diagnose primary central nervous system lymphoma. An MRI scan uses magnets to see the blood flow in the brain. Sometimes, a doctor will inject a dye into the vein to improve the visibility of the brain and detect cancer cells.
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While the symptoms of primary CNS lymphoma are not consistent, they generally develop over a period of weeks. They include neurocognitive deficits, floaters, and focal neurological deficits. Often, patients may also experience personality changes, including mood swings and loss of appetite. Further, primary CNS lymphoma patients may experience unexplained weight loss.
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Primary CNS lymphoma may manifest as a single or multiple lesions. The tumor may be in the brainstem or the corpus callosum. Primary CNS lymphoma can cause a range of symptoms, such as increased intracranial pressure, headache, changes in personality, and visual changes. Some patients may experience seizures, and paralysis is possible. However, patients should seek medical attention immediately, as symptoms can progress quickly and require further testing and treatment.
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Although primary CNS lymphoma can be fatal, the symptoms should not be ignored. There are many other symptoms associated with this disease, including nausea and vomiting. Primary CNS lymphoma is often confused with other forms of cancer. Fortunately, it is a fairly common disease, and early diagnosis is key to a successful outcome. Fortunately, the primary central nervous system lymphoma Fact Sheet is available to download.
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The primary central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma is a form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. It develops in the lymph tissue of the brain, spinal cord, and eyes. While other forms of lymphoma may spread throughout the body, CNS lymphoma does not. Patients with impaired immune systems and people with certain infectious diseases are at increased risk of developing primary CNS lymphoma.
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HIV infection and AIDS are risk factors for developing primary central nervous system lymphoma. The standard blood test will identify the presence of HIV antibodies, which are proteins the body produces when it detects a harmful substance. Positive results can take up to six months to manifest. After the diagnosis, patients should undergo treatment to relieve any symptoms and to prevent the disease from progressing. In addition, treatment for PCNSL should include chemotherapy, and if necessary, radiation.
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Although primary CNS lymphoma is rare, it can occur in anyone, and is most common in elderly patients and immunocompromised individuals. While it is difficult to differentiate primary CNS lymphoma from AIDS, the clinical presentation and treatment for both diseases are similar. A familiarity with the patient's symptoms and a positive lymphocyte count will help to limit the risk of unnecessary tests or diagnostic biopsy.
