The symptoms of primary central nervous system lymphoma may be the same as those of other forms of this cancer. But they may vary depending on where the tumor has spread. In most cases, CNS lymphoma will have a uniform enhancing pattern, while some may have a heterogeneous or absent pattern. This cancer is often associated with a characteristic cellularity, such as limited diffusion.
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Treatment for primary CNS lymphoma varies depending on the severity of the disease and its spread, the patient's age, and their overall health. Treatment typically includes radiation and chemotherapy. Radiation therapy involves administering high-energy rays to kill cancer cells. The Abramson Cancer Center is home to some of the most innovative therapies available, including personalized medicine, radiation therapy, and clinical trials. The Penn Brain Tumor Center represents the cutting edge of neuro-oncology, where discoveries are translated into cutting-edge care.
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The primary central nervous system lymphoma is a non-Hodgkin lymphoma that affects any component of the central nervous system. It increased during the 1990s as a result of the HIV epidemic, and it has been on the rise in the elderly population over the past two decades. As a result, there are many symptoms of PCNSL. If you suspect you may have this disease, make an appointment with a doctor to have your diagnosis confirmed.
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Other symptoms of primary CNS lymphoma include increased intracranial pressure, seizures, and involvement of the vitreous, which can affect vision. Additionally, floaters and other visual symptoms may occur. In about 7 percent of patients, systemic symptoms such as fever, night sweats, and weight loss may develop prior to any neurological signs. However, if you notice any of these symptoms, make sure to seek treatment as soon as possible.
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Fortunately, there are a number of ways to detect these symptoms. A doctor can order tests to test for these symptoms. Patients with primary CNS lymphoma may be able to undergo chemotherapy if their condition is advanced. Aside from chemotherapy, patients should also undergo radiation therapy if needed. The radiation therapy can cause permanent damage to the brain and spinal cord. In some cases, patients may also have a stroke or a heart attack.
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While primary CNS lymphoma is most common in individuals in their fifties and sixties, it can affect patients of any age. People with HIV-related PCNSL usually develop the disease at age 45. Despite this heightened risk, it usually regresses and is cured within two years. In addition, 50% of survivors of primary CNS lymphoma will relapse within two years. Overall, survival rates for primary CNS lymphoma are 44 months. Patients with early diagnosis and treatment may have an increased chance of surviving if they have a high level of functioning and autonomy. However, patients with PCNSL with HIV infection and deep brain involvement have a lower chance of survival.
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Although primary central nervous system lymphoma is a rare disease, it is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. The disease is particularly prevalent in elderly patients and is increasingly prevalent in immunocompromised populations. A familiarity with its clinical presentation may decrease the risk of nondiagnostic biopsies, and early recognition may help clinicians assess whether it is an extra-CNS tumor. This, in turn, may affect the therapeutic management of the disease. While treatment is essentially curative, relapse is an inevitable possibility, and a biopsy can help.
