If you're experiencing any of the following symptoms of Primary Central Nervous System (CNS) lymphoma, you may have a problem with your memory or a loss of coordination. If you think you may have this cancer, you should consult with a physician for further evaluation. While there is no known cure for primary CNS lymphoma, it is possible to improve your chances of survival by seeking appropriate treatment.
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The first test for suspected primary central nervous system lymphoma is an MRI of the brain with contrast. This tumor is typically located centrally in the cerebral white matter or periventricular area, and is hypointense on T1. CT of the brain may also reveal hyperattenuating lesions with post-contrast enhancement. Up to 13% of the tumors may show ring-like enhancement. Patients may also experience surrounding edema, but not to the extent seen in malignant gliomas or metastatic disease.
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Patients with primary CNS lymphoma may experience increased intracranial pressure, floaters, seizures, and bowel or bladder dysfunction. Some patients may experience personality changes, including incontinence. Furthermore, bowel dysfunction and edema may develop. The tumor may cause increased intracranial pressure, causing headaches and vomiting. Patients may also experience vision changes. If you've got any of these symptoms, it is essential to seek medical help as soon as possible.
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Your doctor will perform a physical exam and conduct a neurological exam. This exam includes a lumbar puncture, where a needle is inserted into the spine and a sample of cerebrospinal fluid is extracted. A CT scan, on the other hand, uses X-rays and a computer to create images. MRIs are more effective at detecting lymphoma tumors because they highlight soft tissue more than any other test.
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Patients with CNS lymphoma are often treated with chemotherapy. These treatments are intense and require the patient to be physically fit to receive them. In addition to chemotherapy, patients may be treated with other supportive treatments such as growth factors or antibiotics. The symptoms of Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma vary depending on the location of the lymphoma. Your doctor will discuss any side effects you're experiencing and make sure you're receiving proper treatment.
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As a general rule, PCNSL symptoms are consistent with other types of lymphomas, but may be less obvious than those of systemic lymphoma. The most common symptoms include back pain, seizures, and incontinence. A patient with AIDS-related PCNSL may also experience seizures, which are a sign of a serious infection. The patient may have a weakened immune system, which makes it more difficult to fight infection.
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Although the exact cause of primary CNS lymphoma is unknown, it affects mainly elderly people with weakened immune systems. These patients may have HIV/AIDS, organ transplant recipients, or autoimmune diseases. However, the incidence of primary CNS lymphoma is increasing in otherwise healthy people. In addition to weakened immune systems, people with CNS lymphoma also experience symptoms of dementia, seizures, and incontinence.
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PCNSL can present with a variety of symptoms, including headaches. Primary CNS lymphoma may be associated with dural-based lesions, as well as marginal zone lymphoma, and T-cell lymphoma. The radiographic appearance of these tumors may resemble a meningioma, although they are not. Some patients will experience psychiatric symptoms, such as depression or insomnia.
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If you have been diagnosed with primary central nervous system lymphoma, you may also be suffering from HIV infection. This condition affects the function of CD4 cells, which fight infection and disease. HIV uses these CD4 cells to multiply and spread throughout the body. If you have these cells, the cancer may have spread to nearby tissue. Further, a patient with primary central nervous system lymphoma is not likely to respond well to treatment.
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In rare cases, the disease may be secondary. Primary CNS lymphoma begins in the spinal cord, brain, or eye tissues, and spreads from other parts of the body. It can cause focal neurological deficits, including confusion, seizures, and blurred vision. A biopsy may be necessary to confirm the diagnosis. When a diagnosis has been made, treatment will be based on the severity of symptoms.
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In general, primary central nervous system lymphoma is rare. However, it is associated with considerable morbidity and mortality, especially among elderly patients. During the initial evaluation, a clinical history should be obtained as early as possible to decrease the risk of a nondiagnostic biopsy. Further, a thorough physical examination will help the physician to evaluate the extent of extra-CNS involvement and to change the therapeutic management accordingly. With early detection, patients may enjoy a longer disease-free period.
