Treatment for penile cancer can be done in a variety of ways, including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. Chemotherapy is the use of drugs to kill cancer cells. The drugs may be taken by mouth or injected into a vein or muscle. The drugs are delivered to the cancer cells throughout the body through a variety of methods, including topical treatments. The type of chemotherapy chosen depends on the cancer's stage.
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The most common way to diagnose penile cancer is through biopsy. The doctor will take a small piece of tissue and look it over under a microscope. If the cells look like cancer cells, they are staged as such. The most common system is called the TNM staging system. Once the doctor has confirmed the diagnosis, treatment options can be planned. Penile cancer symptoms are described below. If you notice any of the signs or symptoms of penile cancer, see your doctor immediately.
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Early-stage penile cancer can be treated with non-surgical procedures such as steroid therapies. Surgical procedures are available, but can result in physical changes to the penis. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) uses special drugs called photosensitising agents to target cancer cells in the body. Another option is cryosurgery, which uses liquid nitrogen to kill the cancer cells. These treatments can cause slight discomfort. Palliative radiation may also be used to relieve pain during treatment.
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Some penile cancer signs may be mistaken for an infection or allergic reaction. The doctor will perform a physical exam to diagnose the condition. He may also order a urine culture and blood tests. During the diagnosis, a physician may order a biopsy, which involves taking a small sample of penile tissue and sending it to the lab for testing. The biopsy results can detect cancer cells. Sometimes, the physician may perform imaging tests to determine the extent of the cancer.
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The treatment for penile cancer varies from one patient to another. A multidisciplinary team of doctors may be involved in treatment, and may include a urologist, oncologist, radiation oncologist, nurse practitioner, and social worker. Additionally, a patient may participate in a clinical trial that involves a combination of treatments. However, a patient may not be eligible for this treatment if they do not have lymph nodes in his body.
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Although many of the symptoms of penile cancer are caused by other, more common conditions, it is important to seek medical attention if you are experiencing any of these symptoms. The treatment for penile cancer depends on the size and rate of spread of the cancer. In addition to receiving the right treatment, a man must also undergo regular medical checkups. A physician will evaluate the penile cancer symptoms and determine whether there is a need for surgery or chemotherapy.
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While there is no definitive cure for penile cancer, it can be treated if it is detected early. Precancerous cells on the foreskin, glans, and head of penis are considered the precursor to cancer. If caught early, these cells can be removed before they cause any damage. If the cells are caught early, penile cancer can be avoided completely. There are three main types of penile cancer: squamous cell carcinoma, melanoma, and adenocarcinoma.
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Surgery for penile cancer involves surgical removal of the tumor. During this procedure, the provider inserts a needle into an area of abnormal skin and takes a biopsy of the cancer. Sometimes, the entire tumor is removed. Another type of surgery is known as wide local excision. Another type of procedure is cystoscopy, which involves inserting a camera into the penis and bladder. The aim of this procedure is to see whether the cancer has spread to the urethra or bladder.
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Melanoma is the most dangerous form of penile cancer and tends to spread quickly. Melanoma typically develops on a sun-exposed area. Basal cell carcinoma, which accounts for a smaller percentage of penile cancers, is slow-growing and rarely spreads to other areas of the body. Adenocarcinoma is a rare form of penile cancer that begins in sweat glands in the penis.
