There are some common symptoms of penile cancer, but many other conditions can cause similar changes in the genitals. If you have a growth on the penis that does not heal within four weeks, that could be a sign of cancer. This growth can resemble a wart, ulcer, or blister and may not be painful. If you experience bleeding, this could also be a sign of cancer.
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A doctor may perform a biopsy to determine if there are any cancer cells in the penis. During a biopsy, a provider inserts a needle into the abnormal skin or uses a surgical procedure to remove the entire tumor. Other surgeries can be done to remove the cancer. These surgeries involve wide local excision and cystoscopy. In a cystoscopy, a camera is inserted through the penis to view the bladder. This procedure can reveal if the cancer has spread to other parts of the penis or the urethra.
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Several risk factors contribute to the development of penile cancer. Age is the primary risk factor for the disease, with men over 60 years old being more likely to develop it. The most significant lifestyle risk factor is smoking, as the chemicals in cigarettes can damage penile cells. Additionally, conditions that affect the penis can increase your risk of infections. Repetitive infections weaken the immune system and increase the risk of cancer. Luckily, early detection is the key to treating penile cancer and preserving the quality of life.
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A high-grade tumor is often more serious than a low-grade one. This cancer starts in muscle and blood vessels inside the penis and can spread to nearby structures. If it spreads to the lymph nodes, it is considered stage III. It is rare for a malignant tumor to spread beyond the penis, but it is still a serious condition. There are several symptoms of penile cancer, and your doctor will have to determine the type to be sure.
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Treatment for stage IV penile cancer will be based on the stage of the disease. The primary method is surgery, which is used for stage four cancer. This procedure removes the tumor along with a margin of healthy tissue. Other procedures, like wedge resection and laser excision, are used for smaller stage 1 tumors. You may also undergo chemotherapy topically. When the cancer has not spread beyond the penile region, this treatment may be enough.
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Penile cancer can be difficult to detect. Fortunately, there are several types of penile cancer. A small percentage is melanoma, which originates in sun-exposed skin. A smaller portion of penile cancers is basal cell carcinoma, which is slow-growing and does not spread. Another type is adenocarcinoma, which develops in the sweat glands of the penis. Squamous cell cancer spreads slowly but can still be treated.
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If the tumors are small and flat, they may begin inside the penis. It is rare, but if detected early, it is highly curable. Most cases of penile cancer are squamous cell carcinoma. It typically develops in the foreskin and glans. Rarely, melanoma or basal cell carcinoma may also develop. If you suspect any of these symptoms, you should seek medical treatment right away.
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Men who are not circumcised are more at risk of developing penile cancer. Men who are not circumcised or who have more than one sexual partner are more likely to be infected. Physical examinations are a good place to begin diagnosis. Doctors will then examine the penis. Your doctor may take a biopsy of the abnormal skin and determine the stage and extent of the cancer. Additional tests, such as magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography, may be necessary to determine the extent of the cancer and whether it has spread.
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If you suspect you might have a penile cancer, you should seek treatment as soon as possible. Early diagnosis is critical because you do not want to be left with no treatment options. However, it is possible to detect and treat the cancer at an early stage, if it is caught in its early stages. If the cancer is detected early, the best option is to have it removed as soon as possible. There are several types of penile cancer, each with a different treatment option.
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Melanoma is a dangerous type of cancer. Melanoma can be fatal, especially if the affected area has been exposed to sunlight. Other types of penile cancer are basal cell carcinoma (BCC), which starts in sweat glands in the penis and rarely spreads to other parts of the body. Sarcoma is a type of skin cancer and can be difficult to differentiate from CIS. It develops in the blood vessels, smooth muscle, and connective tissue cells.
