Symptoms of osteosarcoma may include a lump or swelling that feels warm to the touch. The affected bone may also become weakened, making it susceptible to fracture. In addition, patients with osteosarcoma may limp. The tumor may be in the spinal cord, causing severe back pain that radiates to the arms and legs. In severe cases, osteosarcoma may lead to a broken bone.
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If the cancer has spread to nearby nerves or blood vessels, treatment may involve surgery. If the cancer has spread to distant organs, it might require chemotherapy. The goal of treatment is to shrink the tumor and destroy cancer cells in small pockets. These cells do not show up on X-rays, so chemotherapy is used to kill them. Patients with osteosarcoma often have to undergo chemotherapy before surgery.
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The most common symptoms of osteosarcoma are pain near a bone and swelling. The pain will be worse during physical activity and may lead to a limp. The painful area may also be red or swollen. Patients may also have a limp, fractured bones, or swelling. When osteosarcoma affects the leg bone, patients may experience pain during routine activities, or even at rest. Imaging and biopsy may also be performed to diagnose the disease.
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As with other forms of bone cancer, osteosarcoma often starts in the cells that produce bone tissue. Children are more likely to be diagnosed with osteosarcoma than adults. The disease tends to affect long bones, especially those near the knee. It rarely develops in soft tissue, but can occur anywhere in the body. In children, it is more likely to develop in the knee, femur, and tibia. The cancer is a form of osteosarcoma, and its symptoms will be different.
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Children with osteosarcoma symptoms may experience persistent pain, which can be mistaken for growing pains. Parents may dismiss the complaints as "growing pains" or mistaken for a more serious ailment. However, persistent complaints of pain or swelling should prompt a physician's examination. Patients with known risk factors should seek medical attention if these symptoms persist. They should also be monitored for any known health issues.
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Patients with osteosarcoma may require ongoing treatment. Their healthcare providers will check their bones for any changes with imaging or other tests. Children with osteosarcoma may also need therapy, such as physical or occupational therapists. Children may also be at risk of eating problems. However, the treatment of osteosarcoma has improved the quality of life for patients with the disease. The long-term outlook for osteosarcoma survivors is still unknown, and doctors recommend that patients follow their treatment regimens for as long as possible.
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A thorough physical examination and history are the first steps in diagnosing osteosarcoma. The healthcare provider will ask questions about any symptoms that the child may be experiencing and examine the bones for lumps. X-rays may be necessary to show whether there are abnormal growths in the bones. A biopsy may involve cutting, scraping or withdrawing tissue from the tumor. If the diagnosis is confirmed, treatment will be initiated.
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The risk of developing osteosarcoma is highest in the adolescent years, when rapid bone growth occurs. Radiation treatment is also linked to the condition. Radiation is a common treatment for other forms of cancer, but the tumors do not form immediately after the treatment. In most cases, it will take several years for symptoms to appear. However, if they do, treatment for the disease will delay tumor growth and spread to the bone.
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Treatment for osteosarcoma depends on the stage of the disease and the signs and symptoms. The most accurate diagnosis can be made with a bone biopsy. Once a biopsy is performed, the doctor will assess whether there are any symptoms of the cancer. In severe cases, surgery may remove a limb or other tumors. This treatment option may have long-term consequences, such as the possibility of amputation.
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Osteosarcomas most commonly affect the long bones of the legs. The femur, also known as thighbone, and the tibia, called shinbone, form the knee joint. While they most often form in the knee, they can develop on the femur, the tibia, the pelvis, and the skull. In addition to pain and swelling, osteosarcomas may present as lumps.
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A biopsy is needed to determine whether the lump or mass is a cancerous mass. In children, the most common type of osteosarcoma is high-grade, which is a fast-growing cancer. It is rare to develop low-grade osteosarcoma. The two subtypes are low-grade and intermediate-grade. Because the cancer can be inherited, it is important to see a doctor early for a diagnosis.