While the exact cause of osteosarcoma is still unknown, certain symptoms can indicate the presence of the disease. A physical exam and imaging tests can help doctors rule out any other causes. Other imaging tests will show if the cancer has spread to other areas.
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Occasionally, a biopsy is necessary to confirm the diagnosis. The biopsy is a procedure that involves the collection of a sample of the suspicious tissue for testing in the laboratory. A biopsy can determine the type of cancer and its aggressiveness. A needle biopsy will be used to collect small pieces of tissue from the tumor to assess the risk of spread.
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The most common osteosarcoma symptom is bone pain near a joint. This may be overlooked as the pain could be caused by another condition. Surgery and chemotherapy may be used to shrink the tumor and kill any cancer cells that have spread. Radiation therapy may also be used. A prosthesis may be placed into the bone to fill in the void caused by the tumor. In rare cases, amputation may be required.
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As osteosarcomas are a type of cancer that starts in the bone's cells, they can spread to other parts of the body. While the most common sites are the femur and tibia, they can spread to the pelvis, lungs, kidney, adrenal gland, and even the heart. Symptoms of osteosarcoma include swelling, pain, and a lump in the area of the tumor.
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Some people with osteosarcoma experience pain and swelling in their legs, but these may be normal growth pain. Pain may be palpable, but it may be difficult to detect osteosarcoma tumors until they're large enough to cause discomfort. The pain may also radiate down the arms or legs, so patients with osteosarcoma tumors may experience severe back pain. A bone fracture is common when a tumor develops near the spinal cord.
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The diagnosis of osteosarcoma involves asking questions about your symptoms and your medical history. A physical examination will be used to look for any irregular growths or lumps near bones. Blood tests may be used to monitor the cancer's spread and the effectiveness of treatment. A bone X-ray may also reveal areas of tumor spread in the bones. The diagnosis of osteosarcoma is often made by performing these tests.
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The symptoms of osteosarcoma typically persist for a few weeks after the initial diagnosis. If these symptoms do not go away, schedule a visit with a physician. Further testing may be required to confirm the diagnosis. If the cancer spreads, further treatment will be necessary. The cancer must be detected and diagnosed as early as possible to minimize the risk of the disease spreading. The following treatment options are available.
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Children who are exceptionally tall are especially susceptible to developing osteosarcoma. The long bones of the arms and legs are the most commonly affected. These include the thighbone and shin. Other possible locations for a tumor include the shoulder joint and the knee. Once diagnosed, the doctor will work to determine the cause of the tumor and treat the symptoms. This treatment will be based on the specific location and stage of the disease.
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Depending on the location of the tumor, osteosarcomas can spread to other areas of the body. Patients with metastatic osteosarcoma may need chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery. Once the cancer has spread, the treatment plan may be changed. For advanced treatment, the Sarcoma Program at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center offers personalized care. If the cancer returns after treatment, re-staging is necessary.
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Osteosarcoma is a rare cancer of the bone, mostly affecting young children and adolescents. It usually begins in the upper arm bone near the shoulder. If not detected early enough, it may spread to other parts of the body, including the lung. Although it is not a common cancer, it is a dangerous disease that affects boys more than girls. The prognosis for osteosarcoma is generally good.
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Treatment for osteosarcoma varies according to the stage of the disease and other factors. Surgery can either remove the cancerous cells or repair the bone with metal components. Surgery may also remove tumors on other parts of the body. When chemotherapy treatment is unsuccessful, patients may need to have the affected limb amputated. It is important for children to understand all of the treatment options available. In addition, parents should ask their child's doctor to explain any treatment options to them.
