Oral cancer, also known as head and neck cancer, is a type of malignant growth of abnormal cells that can affect the mouth, throat, or face. The majority of cases are squamous cell cancers, which affect the uppermost layer of tissues, such as the lips. If caught early, it is usually curable. But in many cases, the disease does not show any symptoms until it has spread to surrounding tissues.
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Symptoms of oral cancer often begin with white patches on the lips or other parts of the mouth. These lesions are pre-cancerous, and they indicate an increased risk for the development of oral cancer. Although they may look like ordinary skin problems, these sores are often the result of a viral infection or injury and will disappear after a couple of weeks. Symptoms of oral cancer may also include pain, numbness, loose teeth, and swelling of the jaw and neck.
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In men, oral cancer is twice as common as it is in women. Smoking and drinking tobacco are two of the biggest risk factors, but poor diet and lifestyle can also cause this cancer. And it is also important to check your teeth on a regular basis, especially if you wear dentures. Getting a checkup every five years is important as well. Lastly, you should limit your time in the sun. Wear sunscreen-containing lip balm and a wide brimmed hat whenever you are outside.
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Smoking, alcohol, and sun exposure are known risk factors for oral cancer. In addition to these factors, heavy alcohol use and tobacco use can increase your risk. If you smoke or drink tobacco, you can also get lip cancer. These two factors combine to cause this disease and can make it difficult to identify the signs and symptoms. A proper screening can make it easier to catch it in its early stages. But there's no substitute for regular checkups.
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Your dentist may notice oral cancer during a regular checkup and follow up with preliminary tests. Your doctor may refer you to an oral or head surgeon. Oral and maxillofacial surgeons (also called ENT specialists) look at the face, mouth, and neck to detect any signs of cancer. During a visit to your doctor, your dentist may feel around your mouth and even examine the neck. You might have a brush biopsy, also known as exfoliative cytology, which involves scraping the area to remove cells for testing.
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After diagnosis, your treatment options will depend on the stage of the cancer, its size, and where it has spread to. Surgery to remove the tumor is usually the first option, but it is important to note that radiation therapy and chemotherapy are not the only treatments available. Some of them have negative side effects. But if the cancer has spread to other parts of the mouth and body, it's unlikely to be curable. If you experience any of these symptoms, you should seek treatment right away to ensure a full recovery.
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You might notice several signs of oral cancer, including sore throat, hoarseness, and change in voice. If these symptoms persist, see your dentist. Oral cancer is twice as common in men as in women. Smokers and excessive drinkers over the age of fifty are most at risk for developing the disease. However, the signs of oral cancer are similar to those of other illnesses. For instance, sore throat symptoms may indicate other problems, like infection, or they may not be related to cancer at all.
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If your tongue is impacted with cancer cells, oral cancer can cause breathing problems. The tumors may partially block the airway. In some cases, a hole in the neck leads to the trachea. A hollow tube is then inserted through this hole and kept open. Patients who have oral cancer may need chemotherapy or radiation treatment to treat the cancer. Then, they'll be able to breathe normally. If they don't, they may require reconstructive surgery to repair the damage.
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Other signs of oral cancer include sores, swelling of the mouth, and pain while swallowing. Treatment for oral cancer includes surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and drug treatments. Avoiding tobacco, drinking in moderation, and exposure to sunlight may also help prevent the disease. Also, avoid repeated exposure to the sun as this increases the risk of developing lip cancer. Wear UV-blocking sun-protective lotions to reduce your exposure to UV light.
