Although it is not always obvious when the lymph nodes are swollen, they are often one of the first signs of lymphoma. They may be painless or painful and occur even when lymphomas are not yet large. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma symptoms can include:
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Treatment for this cancer often includes chemotherapy. Chemotherapy is a process in which drugs are used to kill cancer cells and prevent them from multiplying. The most common form of treatment is intravenous chemotherapy, which usually involves a combination of anti-cancer drugs. A second treatment is the use of monoclonal antibodies. In addition to chemotherapy, radiation therapy may be used in conjunction with other treatments to relieve symptoms and improve quality of life.
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Lifestyle factors like obesity and smoking are a major contributor to the risk for non-Hodgkin lymphoma. People who are obese and smoke increase their risk of developing lymphoma. However, people who do not smoke are not necessarily at increased risk. Physical activity is important, as is avoiding processed foods. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma symptoms include an enlarged lymph node or night sweats.
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If you are experiencing any of these Non-Hodgkin Lymphoman symptoms, a doctor may recommend an examination by imaging scan or a spinal tap. These tests will look for evidence of cancer, including blood or lymph nodes. In rare cases, a lymphoma biopsy may also involve a bone marrow biopsy. In both cases, the doctor will use these tests to determine the type and stage of the disease.
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During a physical examination, your doctor will look for any lumps in the neck, underarm, groin, and axillary region. A blood test called flow cytometry will be performed to measure the number and size of lymphocytes. This test can also identify tumor markers on the cell surface. Your doctor may also recommend a bone marrow biopsy, especially if the lymphoma is affecting immune system cells.
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The first symptom you should look for is a swollen lymph node. This is a sign of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, which develops quickly in the lymph nodes. It can also affect the spleen, liver, and bone marrow. A person with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma may have fever and drenching night sweats. Another common symptom is weight loss.
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While low-grade non-Hodgkin lymphomas are difficult to cure, they can usually be controlled and relieved. Treatment may extend the time that the patient is free of symptoms. Most patients with low-grade non-Hodgkin lymphomas have several treatments. The treatments may keep the disease from progressing. Some people with low-grade non-Hodgkin lymphomas are cured with chemotherapy.
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The second type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma symptom is enlarged spleen. The enlarged lymph nodes can press against the stomach, resulting in abdominal pain and an unsatisfactory appetite. Other symptoms include bowel blockage and low urine output. In some cases, lymphoma may press against the thymus and thereby pressurize the trachea. This can cause coughing, short-breath, and poor appetite.
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Another type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma is called anaplastic large cell lymphoma. This cancer starts in T lymphocytes and has a CD30 marker on the cell surface. Although this type of lymphoma is most common in the skin, it can occur in other parts of the body. Indicating bumps on the skin are a sign of this type of lymphoma.
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Other symptoms of lymphoma include a lack of healthy blood cells. For example, people with lymphoma do not produce enough platelets to help clot blood. This may result in bleeding or black-and-blue episodes. Lymphomas that affect the spinal cord or brain may lead to double vision, muddled thinking, difficulty speaking, and even personality changes.
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Fortunately, non-Hodgkin lymphoma can be diagnosed early and treated successfully. It is possible to cure this type of cancer in about four out of every five people. However, it is important to be evaluated by a qualified medical professional, because the cancer has different symptoms and treatments. So, you must be proactive in seeking treatment for lymphoma. It is important to be aware of the symptoms of lymphoma so you can get the best treatment.
