While there is no set number of symptoms, the American Cancer Society tracks around 800 new cases of neuroblastoma each year. These tumors form when developing nerve cells in the body become cancerous. The tumor may develop during the child's fetal development or later after birth. A child may be genetically predisposed to neuroblastoma, meaning they will inherit the disease from their parents. While local lymph nodes do not contain cancer, those attached to a tumor may contain the disease.
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During the diagnosis of neuroblastoma, doctors may use a number of tests. Depending on the type and location of the tumor, neuroblastoma tests can include blood, urine, and bone marrow tests. Bone scans and MRIs can also help diagnose the disease. X-rays are also common in the diagnosis of neuroblastoma. While there is currently no specific treatment for the disease, treatment can be tailored to the child's age, risk category, and tumor location.
While there is no single symptom associated with neuroblastoma, some children may exhibit several of its hallmark signs and symptoms. Some symptoms include:
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While neuroblastoma symptoms may be subtle, most children who are diagnosed with the disease have no known symptoms. Many symptoms attributed to neuroblastoma may be a result of other medical conditions, so parents should discuss their child's health with their doctor. The diagnosis may require blood tests, imaging tests, and a biopsy. However, neuroblastoma symptoms are unique to each child, so parents should be aware of them before taking their child to a doctor.
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Many cases of neuroblastoma spread beyond the initial tumor site. Once it has spread to bone, it can cause other symptoms such as pain and weakness in the legs and arms. As the cancer spreads to bones, it may also affect the lymph system and affect the child's ability to move and feel. Further, the cancer can also spread to the skull, causing lumps under the scalp or swelling around the eyes.
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Depending on the stage of the disease, children may not need immediate treatment. However, when they are younger, some tumors will go away on their own. In other cases, doctors may recommend chemotherapy or surgery, or a combination of both. In the case of intermediate-risk neuroblastoma, surgery is the most likely course of action. The amount of chemotherapy used will depend on the child's age and risk factors.
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The most common neuroblastoma stage is MS (multiple sclerosis), which develops during the child's first few months of life. The disease has spread to other parts of the body, such as the liver and bone marrow. The child may have blue or purple bumps on his or her skin. Additionally, the liver may become large and enlarge, pushing up the lungs. If your child is diagnosed with neuroblastoma, the best treatment for the condition is early diagnosis and surgical treatment.
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After the child is diagnosed with neuroblastoma, doctors may order a bone marrow biopsy to confirm the diagnosis. A biopsy involves the removal of a sample of the tumor. The tumor sample is then examined under a microscope to identify the type and location of neuroblastoma. Sometimes neuroblastoma can be diagnosed without raising catecholamine levels, although this is less likely. The tumor is often identified from a biopsy.
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The child's diagnosis and treatment will be made after a tumor sample has been removed. Doctors will then use the sample to determine the best treatment for the child's condition. Surgery may be performed to remove the tumor. Depending on the size and location of the tumor, doctors will remove the entire tumor or only parts of it. After the tumor is removed, the sample will be sent to a pathologist for further analysis. The pathologist will identify the type of tumor, and the characteristics of the disease will determine the appropriate treatment.
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While most pediatric neuroblastoma cases start in the abdomen, it can also begin in nerve tissues. Neuroblastoma tumors often spread to other parts of the body. Upon diagnosis, 70 percent of children with neuroblastoma will already have metastatic disease. The symptoms of neuroblastoma may be similar to symptoms of other medical conditions, but you should seek medical advice as soon as possible.
Neuroblastoma can be mistaken for other forms of childhood cancer. The condition is often diagnosed before a child is 5 years old. Symptoms include:
