One of the first symptoms of neuroblastoma is a lump in the abdomen. The tumor can be located in the spine, skin, or bone marrow. The child may be numb in the legs. Low red and platelet counts can also be signs of the disease. Low white blood cells can cause frequent infections, while blue-black patches on the skin resemble bruises. Liver dysfunction can also be a symptom.
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If the tumor has spread to the central nervous system or spinal cord, chemotherapy may be used instead of surgery. Chemotherapy is injected into the bloodstream and travels throughout the body. Some of these medicines may be taken by mouth. Some children may require other treatment options, including radiation therapy. This treatment may be combined with other treatments, such as stem cell therapy. Clinical trials involve a child being treated with the latest and most advanced treatment available.
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Early diagnosis can help save a child's life and improve prognosis. A child diagnosed with neuroblastoma may develop other forms of cancer. If the diagnosis is confirmed by a biopsy, treatment will likely begin soon after. Parents and caregivers should learn as much as possible about the disease, ask questions, and take care of themselves. Neuroblastoma can be difficult for any parent, so it's essential to seek support and information from the healthcare team.
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Other signs of neuroblastoma include bone pain. This may be so severe that a child may limp or complain of bone pain. Bone tumors can press on the spinal cord, causing numbness or weakness in the arms and legs. The child's eyes may also become swollen and bruised. Eventually, the tumor may encroach on the spinal cord and cause paralysis.
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There are two types of scans to determine the type of neuroblastoma. The MIBG scan uses a slightly radioactive compound called metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) to detect the spread of the cancer. The PET scan uses a radioactive glucose compound. It can reveal where the tumor is located in the body. The result is a picture that shows the extent of the tumor's spread.
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The symptoms of neuroblastoma depend on the size of the tumor. Sometimes a child may experience a lump under their skin. Occasionally, a tumor may be located further from the skin, and this can cause pain and pressure on nerves. Shortness of breath may also be a symptom, especially if the tumor is located near the lungs. The shortness of breath can also be a symptom of general tiredness, which is common in cancer patients.
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While a diagnosis of neuroblastoma is important, treatment options vary widely. Some tumors are benign and require no treatment at all. Others, however, are high-risk and may require surgery. In either case, treatment may involve chemotherapy and surgery. The patient's age and risk factors will determine how many treatments they require. A surgeon can remove the tumor and continue monitoring the condition, or they may perform surgery to remove it completely.
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A child's neuroblastoma symptoms may vary according to the location of the tumor, the size of the tumor, and the hormones that are produced by the cancer. Some of these symptoms may be due to other conditions and should be treated by a pediatrician. In any case, parents should take their child to a doctor if they notice any symptoms. Only a qualified professional can determine if a child has neuroblastoma.
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The cancer is diagnosed by a doctor if the tumor has spread. During this stage, the tumor has not spread to other parts of the body. However, the cancer cells in the lymph nodes are present. If the tumor has spread to nearby lymph nodes, the treatment will be different than if the cancer had spread to other areas. Patients with this stage of neuroblastoma may be treated with chemotherapy or radiation.
