The first step in diagnosing nasopharyngeal cancer is to schedule an appointment with your physician. Your doctor will perform a thorough medical history, including a review of your symptoms. They may also do a physical exam, including a look into your throat and nose to check for lumps or other abnormalities. Then, a medical imaging test may be ordered, such as a CT scan, MRI, or PET scan. Depending on the circumstances, other tests may be ordered.
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The treatment plan for nasopharyngeal cancer will depend on its stage. Cancer in this stage can be categorized into two categories, stage I and stage II, and may be treated with radiation therapy or surgery. Both treatments will have some side effects. The treatment options will depend on the stage of cancer and whether it has spread outside the nasopharynx. For stage I and II nasopharyngeal cancer, treatment usually involves a combination of these.
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The most common treatment for nasopharyngeal cancer is chemotherapy. This is an anti-cancer drug given by mouth or intravenously. It works by targeting abnormal proteins in cancer cells. The side effects of chemotherapy are often more severe than those of radiation therapy. Surgery may be necessary to remove the tumor. In some cases, the surgeon may remove lymph nodes and other parts of the throat.
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While nasopharyngeal cancer is not preventable, certain risk factors have been associated with a greater risk than others. Avoiding certain types of salt-cured foods, quitting smoking, and reducing alcohol intake may all reduce your risk of nasopharyngeal cancer. But it is important to remember that there are no guarantees. Although there are many known risk factors, cancer is largely based on a person's genetic makeup. Moreover, men are more likely to develop the disease than women.
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While many cancers can cause no apparent symptoms, most people with nasopharyngeal cancer will develop a lump in their neck. These lumps are typically small and are surrounded by lymph nodes. Lymph nodes are glands that contain immune system cells. When cancerous cells invade lymph nodes, they can swell to multiple times their normal size. Patients who experience a lump in their neck should seek medical attention if they have other warning signs of nasopharyngeal cancer.
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Early detection of nasopharyngeal cancer is essential for maximizing the chance of survival. Treatments for nasopharyngeal cancer usually include chemotherapy and radiation. Advanced treatment may include clinical trials. If diagnosed early, nasopharyngeal cancer is curable, but survival rates vary from person to person. For localized tumors, survival rates are about 85%, while those for widespread cancer are about 49%.
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The condition is also associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. This virus is spread from person to person through bodily fluids and saliva. In most cases, it goes undetected in the United States. It is commonly acquired from Southeast Asia and southern China, where it is known as mononucleosis. If you have symptoms that may indicate a condition called nasopharyngeal cancer, you should visit your GP or a specialist.
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If you have these symptoms, your physician may be referring you to a specialist. He or she may suggest that you have a virus or another disease. If you have a common cold or a virus that causes infection, you should see a doctor. If your symptoms persist, you should consider a surgery to remove the affected tissue. Nasopharyngeal cancer is rare in the United States but more common in southern China.