What are the symptoms of Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)? Although they used to be considered pre-leukemia, now the condition is classified as a type of cancer. The treatments for MDS depend on the type of disorder and severity. Treatment may include chemotherapy, bone marrow transplant, or radiation therapy. If you're experiencing any of the symptoms above, see your doctor.
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The number of platelets in the blood is low in people with Myelodysplastic Syndromes. Platelets control bleeding and are present at the site of injury or bleeds. Eventually, they mature and circulate in the bloodstream, outside of the bone marrow. There are several risk factors associated with Myelodysplastic Syndromes. To make sure you're not developing one, speak with your health care provider.
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The severity of the symptoms varies depending on the type of Myelodysplastic Syndromes. People who have had chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or heavy exposure to chemicals are at an increased risk. Some people have been exposed to certain chemicals and pesticides. There are also treatments for Myelodysplastic Syndromes, including drug therapy and transfusions. Patients can even undergo bone marrow transplant if they are young.
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MDS is a rare condition that affects the production of blood cells in the bone marrow. Normally, blood cells are made from stem cells found in the bone marrow. With MDS, the stem cells are damaged and produce an abnormally low number of blood cells. These cells may not be effective enough to fight off infection, resulting in symptoms that range from mild to severe. The duration of the symptoms can vary greatly, from a few weeks to a few years.
The World Health Organization divides Myelodysplastic Syndromes into different subtypes based on the types of blood cells affected. For example, single-lineage dysplasia (SLD) affects only one blood cell type, while ring sideroblasts (RSEB) affects only two blood cell types. RAEB-2 is more likely to progress to AML.
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A person suffering from Myelodysplastic Syndromes will have a decreased number of red blood cells, which can result in anemia and fatigue. Low levels of platelets will also cause excessive bleeding, and a low number of white blood cells will increase your risk of serious infections. People with MDS may also develop cancers of the bone marrow or blood cells. While a diagnosis is difficult to make, symptoms of this disorder will be noticeable.
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The Monarch Initiative, a collaboration between academic institutions around the world, provides a collection of tools to help researchers compare the signs and symptoms of different diseases. It is funded by the National Institutes of Health. A resource called Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMI) is a database of human genes, highlighting relevant medical articles. It's maintained by the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine.
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People with MDS may develop acute myeloid leukemia (AML). AML is a form of cancer of the white blood cells. It can take months or years to change into AML. Treatment is based on the type of MDS a person has, and their risk of developing AML. It aims to restore the body's normal blood cells. If the patient's symptoms progress beyond remission, treatment is usually necessary.
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People with MDS suffer from several different symptoms. One of the most common symptoms is anemia. Because red blood cells carry oxygen around the body, people with low red blood cell counts are often fatigued, weak, and need to sleep more than usual. Other symptoms include pale skin and lightheadedness. Occasionally, patients experience increased risk of infection due to low levels of platelets and white blood cells. The disease may also lead to excessive bruising and bleeding, as well as anemia.
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In both cases, patients with MDS will have low numbers of any of the three types of blood cells. The bone marrow cells will not continue to function normally, and the patient will experience anemia. In addition to the symptoms, MDS can cause significant fatigue and bleeding. Most patients will develop acute myeloid leukemia at some point in their lives. You should seek medical advice if you experience any of these symptoms.
