Mycosis fungoides is a skin infection. It is not contagious and does not have any obvious genetic link. Treatments vary according to the type of lesions and stage of disease. Symptoms may include scaly, red, itchy or painful patches, ulcers and ectropion. Some people may develop hepatosplenomegaly or hepatosplenic lymphadenopathy.
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Treatments for mycosis fungoides may involve systemic drugs, phototherapy, or surgery. In some cases, systemic therapies are used in conjunction with skin directed treatments, such as ultraviolet light therapy. Nearly all systemic therapies for mycosis fungoides are "targeted" drugs, meaning that they target specific parts of the immune system rather than the whole body. The goal of treatment is to prevent or eliminate the symptoms and prolong life.
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The disease is uncommon in children and young adults, but can strike anyone at any age. The male-to-female ratio is approximately 2:1. Treatment is based on an individual's personal symptoms and response to medication. Although the cause of mycosis fungoides is unknown, the underlying genetic factors are common. Individuals with mycosis fungoides tend to have an unusual genetic makeup and may have abnormal genes.
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In the early stages of mycosis fungoides, local treatments can be effective. Regular application of moisturisers will prevent dryness and itchiness. Steroid preparations may also be prescribed. These medications are safe to use and have worked for some patients. If they fail to provide relief, patients may also need to use retinoids, which have been used to treat mycosis fungoides.
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Aside from oral medicines, phototherapy is a treatment that uses ultraviolet light to kill cancerous cells. This method is similar to giving blood. A doctor removes T-cells and treats them with a drug. Then, the treated cells are mixed back into the patient's blood. The therapy is most often given in advanced stages of mycosis fungoides to enhance the immune system's response to other cancer cells. In addition to phototherapy, people with mycosis fungoides should take short, lukewarm showers. Long, hot showers may aggravate the dryness and itchiness and should avoid rubbing their skin.
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Although mycosis fungoides is rare, the disease affects approximately 30,000 people in the United States and around 50% of new cases occur each year. The good news is that patients with this disease have a long survival rate. Mycosis fungoides is often diagnosed in late adulthood, though it is more common in men than women, and in the elderly. The disease is slow-growing and difficult to detect in its early stages. There is no reliable reporting system for mycosis fungoides, which makes it difficult to estimate a true number.
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Mycosis fungoides is a type of skin lymphoma. It occurs when white blood cells become cancerous. Different types of skin lesions can be caused by mycosis fungoides, though the skin cells themselves are not cancerous. The symptoms of mycosis fungoides include a rash and itching. As the disease progresses, the lesions may become inflamed and ulcerated. As with any cancer, there is currently no cure for mycosis fungoides. However, prompt treatment and prevention of symptoms can greatly reduce the incidence and severity of the condition.
